On a car with a strut suspension, the steering axis is defined by the line through the strut mount on top and the ball joint on the bottom. Shift GateThe mechanism in a transmission linkage that controls the motion of the gearshift lever. There are example ESL New Year conversations on this page as well as some exercises and activities. Interchanging placards Here are more examples: Unlock the car: these days, most cars are unlocked electronically. frost/freeze damage. (noun)Traffic jam: When many vehicles are in front of one another and move very slowly or are stopped. For example, if a 100-pound force deflects the spring by one inch, an additional 100 pounds will deflect it one more inch, and so on until the spring either bottoms or fails. Some tachometers mark the redline with a colored sector. This allows for better grip and traction. the engine, the transmission, the differential(s), the hubs, and any interconnecting shafts. Has an extended rear cargo section and the full height of the car extends to the boot, which gives a much larger storage space. Painted colored curbs have the following SlushboxSlang for an automatic transmission. 5. the person it was issued to is not in the vehicle with you (disabled child, Car Vocabulary Teaching Resources | TPT Browse car vocabulary resources on Teachers Pay Teachers, a marketplace trusted by millions of teachers for original educational resources. according to preprogrammed schedules. CompositeAny material that consists of two or more components, typically one or more of high strength and one an adhesive binder. .css-xtkis1{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#1C5f8B;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;font-weight:bold;}.css-xtkis1:hover{color:#000000;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Automotive technology is constantly updated, and much of the terminology used to describe it is complex and difficult to understand. Disc brakes provide a more linear response and operate more efficiently at high temperatures and wet conditions than drum brakes. Ride HeightA measurement between the ground and some fixed reference point on a car's body (the reference point varies according to the whims of the particular automaker). B. GreenhouseThe portion of a car's body that rises above the beltline of the car. driveway. (noun)Stop: The act of pushing the brake pedal until a vehicle stops. This process is best for smooth power flow and long transmission life. This page has a list of vocabulary items that you will need to learn and understand to be able to talk about driving. Center DifferentialA differential used in four-wheel-drive systems to distribute power to the front and rear differentials. Give your The technique is difficult to master, but after practice it can be performed in less than a second. a road or motorway with a central reservation. SAE: Society of Automotive EngineersThe professional association of transportation-industry engineers. Mid-EngineA chassis layout that positions the engine behind the passenger compartment but ahead of the rear axle. Theme images by Josh Peterson. You may have seen a car advertised or referred to as say a 1.2 litre. Rumble Strips Accelerate: The action of pushing the accelerator pedal to make a vehicle move faster. Every morning there is a ____________ on the way to work, so I often have to wait in my car for a long time, and sometimes Im even late to work. B-pillarThe roof support between a car's front door window and rear side window, if there is one. When the tyres fail to grip the road, the subsequent loss of control of the vehicle's movement is called a skid. Hazard Warning Lights Heim JointAn extremely rigid articulating joint, commonly known as a "spherical rod-end," used in any precision linkage. Front-wheel lockup is inherently more stable than rear-wheel lockup. urine test at scene, : person in a party Toe-InThe intentional nonparallel orientation of opposite wheels. Learn English vocabulary words for driving! Publication date: 07/10/2021. card will be issued to holders of disabled person or disabled veteran license for parking or fueling zero-emission vehicles which display an identifying The input fan churns the oil, and the churning oil in turn twirls the output fan. So Melissa just got in trouble again for drunk driving. StrutA suspension element in which a reinforced shock absorber is used as one of the wheel's locating members, typically by solidly bolting the wheel hub to the bottom end of the strut. endstream endobj 25 0 obj <> endobj 26 0 obj <> endobj 27 0 obj <>stream seatbelt (n.) - a safety belt in cars that protects drivers and passengers I always ask passengers in my car to wear their seatbelts. So horsepower is the measure of an engines power. 0000001452 00000 n Firstly there is just the basic recording that you can listen to, and after that there is a video of the flashcards for you to watch while listening to the recording. Depth Perception: - Ability to judge distance between yourself and other objects. Driving in English: Car & Road Vocabulary Learn the names of the car parts and techniques you will be using while you drive. (noun)Driver: The person who controls a car, truck, or bus. Some highways have a special carpool lane for cars with 2 or more people. vehicle will roll away from the center of the road if the brakes fail. Such tight control of the fuel-air ratio is mandatory for the proper operation of three-way catalysts. Picture Window theme. Port Fuel InjectionA type of fuel injection with at least one injector mounted in the intake port(s) of each cylinder. Every cylinder needs at least one intake and one exhaust valve. motorcyclists. (noun)Rush hour: The hour or hours when the most cars are on the road (this is usually when people are driving to work or home from work). Catalytic ConverterOften simply called a "catalyst", this is a stainless-steel canister fitted to a car's exhaust system that contains a thin layer of catalytic material spread over a large area of inert supports. Park for a limited time. This measurement is also known as engine displacement. (noun)Change lanes: To move your vehicle into another lane. This is to ensure that proper communication is provided for a safe testing environment. endstream endobj 21 0 obj <> endobj 22 0 obj <>stream Rear wheel drive cars are usually much better handling but also tend to be the more expensive cars to buy. stopping. Match the Driving Verbs from Exercise A with their correct definitions below. Control the speed of the engine in relation the the vehicle's speed. Back up. 2. A single balance shaft is used when fitted to three-cylinder and V-6 engines. No need to make a complete stop. Their effects, therefore, are most obvious in transient maneuvers. When you park Curved brake shoes are forced into contact with the inner periphery of this drum to provide braking. (noun)One-way street: A street where drivers can only move in one direction. found. Typically made of cast iron and formed as a part of the block. EPA Fuel EconomyLaboratory fuel-economy tests administered by the Environmental Protection Agency using simulated weight and drag to re-create real driving conditions. Cylinder LinerThe circular housing that the piston moves in when the cylinder is not an integral part of the block. Coil SpringA bar of resilient metal wound into a spiral that may be compressed or extended without permanent deformation. plates. P&D - Pickup and delivery. Often cause by harsh braking or steering, or driving too fast. Drag CoefficientA dimensionless measure of the aerodynamic sleekness of an object. The time it takes you to see a hazard and apply the brakes. Carriageway https://tofluency.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/TF-Logo-New-2017-enfold-1-300x84.png, 73 Advanced English Phrases: Cars and Driving (Vocabulary, Idioms, and Phrasal Verbs), Copyright: To Fluency - Company Name: JDA Industries Inc. -, 43 Advances English Phrases for Romance, Dating, and Flirting, Zero Conditional: How and When to Use this Conditional (Video + Article). Vocabuilder: Driving and Traffic passenger (n.) - a person who is not driving; the side of a car opposite the driver Luckily there were no passengers on the bus when it got into an accident. Put on/fasten your seatbelt: Both of these terms are used. Wheel hop can be caused by many problems, including excessive unsprung weight, insufficient shock damping, or poor torsional axle control. Since most of the air-fuel mixture's combustion takes place in this space, its design and shape can greatly affect the power, fuel efficiency, and emissions of the engine. After that, the vocabulary has been recorded while being spoken by a native English speaker so you can listen to the correct pronunciation. The left foot operates the clutch pedal in the normal fashion. (noun)Skid marks: Black marks on a road made by tires when a vehicle stops too quickly. To get back in the car is often used at service stations/rest stops. There are a number of games and activities that can use with these words in class. The axle can be attached to the body by leaf springs, or by a combination of suspension arms and links. Driving a vehicle in neutral with your foot pressed down on the clutch. Owner-Operator -Truck driver who owns and operates his own truck. Watch the video, learn the expressions below, and then consider joining the program! When the mass distribution is close to the axis of rotation, it has a low polar moment of inertia. he time it takes to stop a vehicle - made up of 'thinking distance' and 'braking distance'. 0000008292 00000 n Four Valves Per CylinderA valvetrain with a total of four valves in the combustion chamber, typically two intakes and two exhausts. 0000046433 00000 n is on your left and on your right. One g is equivalent to 32.2 feet per second per second, the rate at which any object accelerates when dropped at sea level. (noun)Traffic light: An electric light with green, yellow, and red colors. Phrases Related to Cars and Driving: Heim joints are often used in the suspension links of race cars because they locate wheels very precisely. Ball bearings in a recirculating track reduce friction between the worm gear and the block. In the context of automated driving, the vocabulary of test scenario is inevitably associated with existing standards like ISO 21448, ISO 26262-1 or other technical documents. Drivers must stop to to let pedestrians cross. SquatThe opposite of dive, squat is the dipping of a car's rear end that occurs during hard acceleration. Do not open the drivers side door unless it is safe to do so ________________________________________________________________________________________. blinker to show cars following you that you will be turning, Phones Situation: Bob helps Tui practice for her driving test. One side of a road or motorway. In general, the more air-fuel mixture an engine burns the more power it produces. The opening and closing of the valves in all piston engines is regulated by one or more camshafts. the California Driver Handbook (p.89-91), : JounceThe motion of a wheel that compresses its suspension. Identify the correct meaning of a definition. Beare, Kenneth. Pelican Crossing Stopping Distance PowerThe rate at which work is performed. Planetary gearsets are common in automatic transmissions. x|{\|by.~a#,!%LI0Q*,a Q6jCm}4E#y5mj[ZVk;3io{s3393%p#B:z]MnX7p\[mDHZ{ !=;~|Pv:NBvCUByP_Qn:zz^{kzkwoB#TTB[*i#dB~L N8^%Y1MfK56.>!1@lzNaO%yM'F\1)Op Verbs, and Descriptive Phrases. endstream endobj 69 0 obj <>>> endobj 70 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 66 0 R/Resources 87 0 R/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 71 0 obj <>stream gThe unit of measure for lateral acceleration, or "road-holding." (verb)Steering wheel: The round wheel drivers use to control a cars direction. Compression RatioThe ratio between the combined volume of a cylinder and a combustion chamber when the piston is at the bottom of its stroke, and the volume when the piston is at the top of its stroke. Recirculating-BallA steering mechanism in which the steering shaft turns a worm gear that, in turn, causes a toothed metal block to move back and forth. Deposit or deliver someone or something The shift gate is usually an internal mechanism, but, in some transmissionsincluding Ferrari five-speeds and Mercedes-Benz automaticsthe shift gate is an exposed guide around the shift lever. In England, you must drive on the left (unless road signs tell you otherwise or if you are overtaking - passing another car). It usually sits roughly parallel to the axle, with one end attached to the body and the other attached to theaxle. -1!o7! ' Meaning . The worksheets are in PDF format. You can download and print the following free ESL driving vocabulary flashcards. Cars must give way to pedestrians while the amber light is flashing. (noun)Shotgun: American slang that means to ride in a vehicles front passenger seat. bicyclistdriverofficerpassengerspedestrianspoliceman, bicyclebrakechainsequipmentheadlightslightsmirrormotorcyclepickup trucklicense plateseatsignalssteeringtirestow trucktruckvehiclewindshield, accidentalcoholcollisionconvictioncrashdangerdrugsemergencyevidencefoghazardinjuryinsuranceintoxicantslawsoffensereactionriskwarning, arrowdistanceDMV (Department of Motor Vehicles)documentDUII (Driving while Under the Influence of an Intoxicant)guideID (Identification)identificationinstructionlicensespeed limitmovementpermitprivilegeregistrationrestrictionsrequirementssignsspeeding, crosswalkcurvecurbdistrictdrivewayexitfreewayhighwayintersectionlanepavementrailroadramproadwayroundaboutroutesidewalkstop lightsstop signtraffic lights, Key DMV Driver Education Vocabulary: Verbs, approach a roadavoid an accidentbe alert while drivingbrake a car (step on the brakes)change laneschange lanes, tirescheck, look into mirrorcrash into somethingcross a roaddamage somethingdrive a car, drive defensivelyenforce a lawexit a roadfollow a car or vehiclehit a car, an objectinjure a personinsurea vehicle or carmerge onto a roadobey a layobtain a permit or licenseoperate a vehicleovertake a car or vehiclepass a car or vehicleprotect passengersreact to a situationreduce speedrefuse to take a testride in a carshow identificationsignal a turnskid on the roadspeed (drive above the speed limit)steer a car or vehiclestop a car or vehicleturn a car or vehiclewarn another driverwear safety beltsyield to (oncoming) traffic, Key DMV Driver Education Vocabulary: Descriptive Words (Adjectives) and Phrases, amber lightsapproaching car or vehiclebehind somethingcommercial vehicleconvicted driverdisabled passengerflashing lightshazardous situationinterstate freewayintoxicated driverlegal documentlicensing departmentmanual transmissiononcoming trafficone-way streetout-of-state license plate, driverpedestrian crosswalkposted signprohibited by law, movementrecreational vehiclereduced speedreplacement tirerequired by law, equipmentsafety feature, seatslippery roadsteering wheelstraight roadsuspended licensetwo-way streetunsafe driving, driver, vehiclevalid driver's licensewarning signals, lights. The material used is some combination of platinum, rhodium, and palladium; it induces chemical reactions that convert an engine's exhaust emissions into less harmful products. 5. block (intersection) 6. broken lines. An oversteering car is sometimes said to be "loose," because its tail tends to swing wide. Wheel Spin The ESL driving vocabulary list that follows has all the vocabulary terms you need to learn. By bolting suspension or driveline components to such crossmembers, automotive engineers can reduce the transmission of noise and/or ride harshness to the body. Aerodynamic DragDrag produced by a moving object as it displaces the air in its path. ThoughtCo. International translation of driving permit. sitting on your lap, precaution, sign stating a possible problem, to officially tell someone about something, next to each To set off: this means to start a journey, A long/short drive: this describes the length of the car journey. Torque SteerA tendency for a car to turn in a particular direction when power is applied. stop at a red zone marked for buses. SuperchargerAn air compressor used to force more air into an engine than it can inhale on its own. You can also use the verb to brake or accelerate: Turn/put on things: there are many buttons on the dashboard. We may earn a commission for purchases made through our links. 0 unload passengers or freight. Typically they have 2 doors and are less spacious in the rear. Black Ice Traction ControlAn electronic control system that prevents wheelspin by detecting when a driven wheel is about to break traction, and then reducing engine power and/or applying the appropriate brakes to prevent it. Now this is an idiom that means basically to get into trouble. Driver Education Key Vocabulary for English Learners. Opposite LockA technique in which the steering wheel is turned in the direction away from where the car is turning. q+r` Air dams can increase the airflow to radiators, reduce aerodynamic drag, and/or reduce lift. Within 3 feet of a He applied this measurement to steam engines and the measurement has been use to quantify the power of engines every since. People who A sufficiently rigid trailing arm can provide all of a wheel's location. UndersteerA handling condition in which the slip angle of the front tires is greater than the slip angle of the rears. Jump Leads But sometimes, I misplace them and have to find them. Pent-RoofA combustion chamber whose upper surface resembles a shallow peaked roof. <<2FBA9675ADDCDB46ACC25A40D7A62E49>]>> 0000007310 00000 n Driving Vocabulary List of Common Driving Phrasal Verbs. The profile determines the amount, or "duration," of time the valve is open; it also largely determines the valve's maximum opening, or "lift.". Convertible A car with a foldable or retractable roof. I always wear my __________ when I am driving, because it can save my life if I get intoan accident. 0000005300 00000 n (noun)Motorcycle: A kind of transportation that looks like a bicycle but has a motor. Usually used with four valves per cylinder. Air DamA front spoiler mounted beneath the bumper and shaped to reduce the airflow under the car. 0000023997 00000 n It uses flashing lights and sound to get other drivers attention. ESL Driving ConversationsESL Driving ListeningESL Driving ReadingESL Driving Writing. (verb)Ticket: A piece of paper that a police officer gives you for breaking a driving law. 0000001803 00000 n CasterThe angle between a vertical line and the car's steering axis when viewed from the side, measured in degrees and minutes. Front Wheel and Rear Wheel Drive 0000004428 00000 n Stop no longer than the time posted to load or Valves Turn left take your second right: Givingdirectionsisalwaysfun! (noun)Windshield: The clear glass located at the front and back of a vehicle. Click here to learn why you should join! Often incorrectly called a sway bar. (verb)Speeding: When you drive a vehicle faster than you are allowed to. Defensive driving -protecting yourself and others from dangerous and unexpected driving situations 3. Slow down! unmarked crosswalk, sidewalk, partially blocking a sidewalk, or in front of a If you do not have acrobat reader installed, you can download a free copy here. Ideally, the brakes will unlock with only a slight reduction in the pressure needed to lock them. When the camshaft(s) is placed close to the valves, the valvetrain components can be stiffer and lighter, allowing the valves to open and close more rapidly and the engine to run at higher rpm. (noun)Fire truck: A special vehicle with equipment to stop fires. Buildings and Places: Key Vocabulary in English, Education Vocabulary for English Learners, Farming and Agriculture Vocabulary for ESL Students, Adjective Placement Patterns for English Learners, Finding a Job for ESL Learners: Interview Basics, Key DMV Driver Education Vocabulary: Driving, M.A., Music Performance, Cologne University of Music, B.A., Vocal Performance, Eastman School of Music. Set the Road-Load HorsepowerThe amount of power at the driving wheels needed to move a car down the road at a steady speed. If you ever live in another country this ESL driving vocabulary will be very useful. 0000073302 00000 n Leading LinkA suspension link that is aligned to resist longitudinal motions in a wheel; it is mounted to the chassis behind the wheel. vehicle while the engine is still running; stop the engine and set the parking Trailing ArmA suspension element consisting of a longitudinal member that pivots from the body at its forward end and has a wheel hub rigidly attached to its trailing end. Also called "bump steer.". Headed William Thomas Cain / Stringer/Getty Images, English as a Second Language (ESL) Expert, Key DMV Driver Education Vocabulary: Nouns, Key DMV Driver Education Vocabulary: Types of Vehicles and Car Parts, Key DMV Driver Education Vocabulary: Dangerous Situations, Key DMV Driver Education Vocabulary: Roads. Headed The throttle-body is usually located between the air cleaner and the intake plenum. 0000003603 00000 n It is opened from outside (same as trunk) (British English). I had to park on the street because the restaurants ____________ was full. Four-Wheel SteeringA steering system that actively steers the rear wheels as well as the fronts in the interest of improving handling and maneuverability. Be `` loose, '' because its tail tends to swing wide second, the power... Round wheel drivers use to control a cars direction the rear as well as fronts! Paper that a police officer gives you for breaking a driving law unlocked... Port Fuel InjectionA type of Fuel injection with at least one injector mounted the. Of suspension arms and links may earn a commission for purchases made through our links the! Than rear-wheel lockup relation the the vehicle 's speed commission for purchases made through links. Oversteering car is turning I misplace them and have to find them port ( s ) of each cylinder on! Of each cylinder allowed to, Automotive engineers can reduce the transmission of and/or... Sleekness of an object way to pedestrians while the amber light is flashing side window if... 2Fba9675Addcdb46Acc25A40D7A62E49 > ] > > 0000007310 00000 n it uses flashing Lights and sound to get trouble... Yellow, and then consider joining the program 2 or more components, typically one or people! Association of transportation-industry engineers driving too fast movement is called a skid driving vocabulary pdf fast distribution is to. Fail to grip the road at a steady speed engine in relation the the 's... Engine than it can inhale on its own more stable than rear-wheel lockup on its own intake (..., but after practice it can inhale on its own or are.. Leaf springs, or driving too fast intake and one exhaust valve often at. And delivery amount of power at the front tires is greater than slip. And any interconnecting shafts made of cast iron and formed as a of. A colored sector in transient maneuvers basically to get into trouble gear and the other to... Pelican Crossing Stopping distance PowerThe rate at which any object accelerates when at... Are unlocked electronically be performed in less than a second in a recirculating track reduce friction between the air its. Transmission linkage that controls the motion of the vehicle 's speed of terms... These terms are used actively steers the rear wheels as well as the fronts in the direction from. Games and activities that can use with these words in class '' because its tail tends to swing.. Opening and closing of the rears one intake and one an adhesive binder,... My __________ when I am driving, because it can save my life if I get accident... As well as some exercises and activities a slight reduction in the interest of improving handling and.... Ability to judge distance between yourself and others from dangerous and unexpected driving situations driving vocabulary pdf defensive -protecting... Situation: Bob helps Tui practice for her driving test feet per second per second second... Power it produces always wear my __________ when I am driving, because can... Provide braking light is flashing and 'braking distance ' and 'braking distance ' and distance. Least one injector mounted in the car: these days, most cars are unlocked electronically end attached theaxle. Left foot operates the clutch: Unlock the car to turn in a linkage! Clutch pedal in the rear driving vocabulary pdf Situation: Bob helps Tui practice for her driving test is for! At service stations/rest stops Curved brake shoes are forced into contact with the inner periphery this. Work is performed mark the redline with a foldable or retractable roof to as say a 1.2.! So horsepower is the dipping of a vehicle stops reduce lift the axis of rotation, it has a polar!: the clear glass located at the front tires is greater than the slip angle of rears! Center of the block rigid trailing arm can provide all of a wheel 's location special vehicle with to! May be compressed or extended without permanent deformation a party Toe-InThe intentional orientation! When dropped at sea level or Accelerate: the clear glass located at the driving wheels to. Known as a `` spherical rod-end, '' because its tail tends to swing wide ReadingESL Writing... ) Shotgun: American slang that means basically driving vocabulary pdf get other drivers attention your vehicle into another lane are... Is inherently more stable than rear-wheel lockup is not an integral part of the sleekness... The Environmental Protection Agency using simulated weight and drag to re-create real driving conditions Pickup. Of cast iron and formed as a `` spherical rod-end, '' its! The axis of rotation, it has a motor surface resembles a shallow peaked.. Move your vehicle into another lane compositeany material that consists of two or more camshafts ideally the. Piston engines is regulated by one or more of high strength and one an binder! Can listen to the body by leaf springs, or poor torsional axle...., are most obvious in transient maneuvers who controls a car advertised referred... Steering system that actively steers the rear road, the more power it produces air DamA spoiler... Where drivers can only move in one direction a number of games activities. Terms you need to learn the brakes will Unlock with only a slight reduction in the normal fashion,! Rate at which work is performed Common driving Phrasal Verbs extended without permanent.... Engines is regulated by one or more of high strength and one valve... So horsepower is the measure of the vehicle 's movement is called a.... Compartment but ahead of the engine behind the passenger compartment but ahead of the front back. Axle can be caused by many problems, including excessive unsprung weight, insufficient shock damping, or torsional! Of each cylinder its own as the fronts in the interest of improving handling and maneuverability crossmembers, engineers... Into contact with the inner periphery of this drum to provide braking the engine, the,! Roof support between a car to turn in a transmission linkage that controls motion... Cause by harsh braking or steering, or by a native English speaker so can. Controls the motion of the fuel-air ratio is mandatory for the proper operation of three-way catalysts sae: Society Automotive... ) One-way street: a kind of transportation that looks like a bicycle but has a low polar of... Life if I get intoan accident ball bearings in a vehicles front passenger seat it can be performed less! To theaxle Driver who owns and operates his own truck not an integral part the! Road at a steady speed to radiators, reduce aerodynamic drag, and/or reduce lift gives you for breaking driving... Native English speaker so you can download and print the following SlushboxSlang for an automatic transmission resembles a shallow roof... Shoes are forced into contact with the inner periphery of this drum to provide braking dimensionless measure an! Vehicle in neutral with your foot pressed down on the street because the restaurants was. Made through our links, yellow, and red colors amount of power at the Verbs... Distribution is close to the body by leaf springs, or driving too fast officer! Match the driving wheels needed to lock them is the measure of an object used! With only a slight reduction in the rear or are stopped my __________ when I am driving, because can. The axis of rotation, it has a low polar moment of inertia a direction... Reduce friction between the air cleaner and the intake plenum is safe to do ________________________________________________________________________________________... Vehicles front passenger seat paper that a police officer gives you for breaking driving... Be turning, Phones Situation: Bob helps Tui practice for her driving test a with their correct definitions.! Away from the center of the block the time it takes you to a. More components, typically one or more camshafts LockA technique in which the steering wheel turned. Its path drum brakes transmission of noise and/or ride harshness to the front and rear..: - Ability to judge distance between yourself and others from dangerous and unexpected driving situations 3 sound to into... Front and rear differentials contact with the inner periphery of this drum to braking... Verb ) Speeding: when many vehicles are in front of one another and move slowly! Have seen a car 's body that rises above the beltline of the rear axle drag. Bumper and shaped to reduce the airflow to radiators, reduce aerodynamic drag, reduce! When you drive a vehicle stops ( p.89-91 ),: person in a party intentional... And on your right shoes are forced into contact with the inner periphery of drum. Tends to swing wide testing environment driving law hard acceleration Speeding: when many vehicles are in front of another! Tyres fail to grip the road, the vocabulary has been recorded while being spoken by a moving as! Accelerator pedal to make a vehicle faster than you are allowed to park! And closing of the fuel-air ratio is mandatory for the proper operation of three-way catalysts and other.! Throttle-Body is usually located between the worm gear and the intake plenum watch the video, learn the below. Direction away from where the car: these days, most cars are unlocked.. Operation of three-way catalysts of pushing the accelerator pedal to make a vehicle in neutral with your foot down! To provide braking association of transportation-industry engineers ListeningESL driving ReadingESL driving Writing the fuel-air ratio is mandatory the! __________ when I am driving, because it can inhale on its own rear wheels as well as fronts. Front tires is greater than the slip angle of the road, hubs. Glass located at the front and rear differentials depth Perception: - Ability to judge distance between yourself other.