natural gas correction factor formula

`ډ�kڬ4�K�I 0000002817 00000 n 0000006328 00000 n 0000003722 00000 n 0000022353 00000 n 0000017541 00000 n 0000040648 00000 n 0000003239 00000 n Thermal-based Mass Flow Controller Gas Correction Factors. Correction of Concentration and Volumetric Flows. endstream endobj 87 0 obj<>/OCGs[90 0 R]>>/PieceInfo<>>>/LastModified(D:20100106103529)/MarkInfo<>>> endobj 89 0 obj<> endobj 90 0 obj<>/PageElement<>>>>> endobj 91 0 obj<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>/Properties<>>>/StructParents 0>> endobj 92 0 obj<> endobj 93 0 obj<> endobj 94 0 obj<> endobj 95 0 obj<>stream • All meters are sized based on actual gas volume flowrate –Typical example: Requirements are “300,000 BTU at ¼ PSI” –The BTU corresponds to the standard volume of gas, we generally assume 1000 BTU per SCF of natural gas. Abstract: Natural gas compressibility factor (Z) is key factor in gas industry for natural gas production and transportation. GAS CORRECTION FACTORS For FMA1800, FMA-5700 and FMA-8500 Flow Sensors Correction Factor for Correction Factor for Compound (Formula) FMA1700/1800 and FMA-700A/800A Compound (Formula) FMA1800 Ammonia (NH3) 0.73 Hydrogen Iodide (HI) 0.99 Argon (Ar) 1.45 Krypton (Kr) 1.453 Butane (C4H10) 0.26 Methane (CH4) 0.72 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 0.74 Neon (Ne) 1.46 x�bbbf`b``Ÿ1@� �p � The basic orifice factor is determined by air with a specific gravity of 1. Stated in equation form: + 8 L / 4 Ö F … 0000069158 00000 n 0000001585 00000 n %PDF-1.5 %�� 0000017428 00000 n 0000036510 00000 n � ��C��p_N��~_�q�l��ss��Ҿ*O��U�R:�d�)*�]g�ֵp�.�1�d��u��M}��ֿ��R��!�YΨs{i�:��Ъ��e�>J�x"]�� ㊗��,:��7YR�d]�e�m��>0��6{Y��Vy,kb��A��1��!E�TԌP�/=��=. The Pressure Factor Adjustment will be applied to any meter with a deliver pressure above 0.625 psig (or gauge pressure). Please note that a non-linearity may exist between a Nitrogen calibration and the actual flow of process gases. 0000001336 00000 n 19/11/2012 ... • The influence can be compensated for by applying a correction factor Gas Flow Measurement Slide 26SW Lim. 0000006435 00000 n 0000101358 00000 n Density at 15 °C = 510 kg/m3 (table ASTM-IP 54, 1986) Refer to bulletin V-18 for more information on product classes. This research presents a new natural gas compressibility factor correlation for Niger Delta gas fields. NOTE 10 An enthalpic correction factor which is also, in principle, required in calorific value calculations is deemed to be negligible in all relevant cases. 0000017624 00000 n h�b``0d``]��1G��!30(3��`��#!y��qF�f�,. To convert from lb/103 gal to kg/103 L, multiply by 0.12. 0000085190 00000 n Compressibility factor, Z, is: (14) Z is due to gases deviating from ideal gas law. 0000001554 00000 n Thank you, David 0000017317 00000 n trailer 0000072859 00000 n 0000093453 00000 n 0000005814 00000 n x and NOx) are the same, on a heat input basis, as for natural gas combustion. Step 1 Subtract your previous reading from … If the gas were N 2, the gas flow would be, = 100 sccm x (GCFN 2 / GCFAr) = 100 sccm x (1.0 / 1.39) = 72 sccm. 0000003340 00000 n 0000049028 00000 n When using the GCF, the accuracy of the flow reading may vary by +/-5%. 0000021343 00000 n 0000001883 00000 n {�8�Y0��!��. 0000009590 00000 n 19/11/2012 ... Natural gas HydrogenH 2 HeliumHe ButaneCH 3CH 2 PropaneC 3H 8 Care should be exercised, check; Pressure startxref 0000122663 00000 n 0000025576 00000 n 0000005643 00000 n endstream endobj 126 0 obj<>/W[1 1 1]/Type/XRef/Index[13 73]>>stream Correction Factors (CFs) have been determined that enable the user to quantify a large number of chemicals using only a single calibration gas, typically Methane or Pentane. 0000053628 00000 n 0000009052 00000 n Filling Limit Formula ... each component, the correction factors K1 and K2 as described in the revised Klosek MacKinley calculation method. 0000068817 00000 n In our LEL sensors, Correction Factors can be used in one of three ways: 1. It is easily adapted to programmable calculators. 0000013977 00000 n Thermal-based mass flow controller gas correction factors for various gases with respect to Nitrogen. the actual usage. 0000069105 00000 n Base Temperature that Natural Gas in Purchased and sold. 0000001923 00000 n trailer <<11E724967DD743B3AA2E2564F012A311>]/Prev 126005>> startxref 0 %%EOF 57 0 obj <>stream Pseudocritical Pressure. v]�_�J��x 9�u�ޯ��2��sO _�U�LR{��аp��#�|S}�.b�7�I��j�)��(�5��Űu�6��i6�Rq;jɡ�US�FPk �M�>��%P\EЄ@��:'�@� &�6�)�o�v��$k+Wʓ^��.�ؠI}�Tɗ��!6e�� 0 1��b endstream endobj 15 0 obj <>stream The heating value of a volume of natural gas is determined by multiplying the Mcf volume times the appropriate Btu factor. %%EOF 0000093186 00000 n This example equates to ~300 SCF/hr –We cannot exceed a meter’s maximum capacity, so we would select 0000003687 00000 n 0000035049 00000 n }ǻi�j��a�4�׿\�sw_73��׮��v}=wC�z=��Qh�a!��%�� P�]��yh��M�ܝ��/*(�O�� 0000036230 00000 n 0000048798 00000 n 379.94. 2. ... (conversion) factor. In thermodynamics, the Volume Correction Factor (VCF), also known as Correction for the effect of Temperature on Liquid (CTL), is a standardized computed factor used to correct for the thermal expansion of fluids, primarily, liquid hydrocarbons at various temperatures and densities. The correction factors listed below are used to calculate the flow capacity when using a liquid other than water or a gas other than air at STP conditions. PSIA. If the gas were actually Argon, the mass flow would be 100 sccm. 0000002451 00000 n 88 0 obj<>stream If the gas were actually Argon, the mass flow would be 100 sccm. Sutton's correlations along with Wichert and Aziz corrections are used to calculate pseudo critical temperature and pressure for the natural gas mixture. 0000009950 00000 n 0000035377 00000 n A macro that solves the Colebrook formula is given in this spreadsheet. MASS FLOW GAS CORRECTION FACTORS (SORTED BY CHEMICAL FORMULA) Gas Type Chemical Formula Correction Factor vs. Nitrogen Specific Heat (kcal/kg°K @ 25°C & 1 Atm.) Density (kg/m3@ 0°C & 1 Atm.) Allene (Propadiene) C 0000008774 00000 n 0000068631 00000 n The standard calculation from m3to kWh is as follows: CORRECTION FACTOR . 0000122765 00000 n 0000061075 00000 n Air Equivalent Flow Rate = Customer Gas Flow Rate X Gas Correction Factor. Monomethylamine CH 3NH 2 0.450 0.4343 1.386 Methyltrichlorosilane CH 3SiCl 3 0.250 0.164 6.669 Methane CH 4 0.731 0.5223 0.716 Dichloromethylsilane CH 4Cl H��VMo�@��+��^ !��KC��ц6T"$��;k�!H4�~��7��%��l��V�~�ӏ�v�L�M?% "��` >?E��I�K��s�-:��DP>��β��xX�w�繘��s��4��H_[m!A!} 0000036813 00000 n 0000011397 00000 n 0000005038 00000 n metered gas Tact = absolute temperature at flow conditions (ºR or K) To = absolute temperature at standard conditions (ºR 530, or ºK 294) Po = pressure at standard conditions (14.7 psi) Pact = pressure at flow conditions (psia) Approximating Gas Flow from Air Flow air … 0000003767 00000 n a�BX�q[H��g��T�cQƈ !��P J��3'��|�*��Gx��Q�Y�v�o��2�{�d��$�&\�,�gI�V�(! 86 0 obj <> endobj 0000007453 00000 n 0000068400 00000 n Unaccounted for Natural Gas in the Utility System At a city gate, natural gas is transferred from an interstate or intrastate pipeline to a local natural gas utility. 0000002063 00000 n 0000116982 00000 n 0000016625 00000 n Where: f n = n th iteration friction factor f n+1 = (n+1) th iteration friction factor g(f n) = Colebrook equation g'(f n) = First derivative of Colebrook equation. 0000056178 00000 n The following table lists theoretical gas correction factors for various gases with respect to Nitrogen for thermal-based mass flow controllers. Please note that a non-linearity may exist between a Nitrogen calibration and the actual flow of process gases. Note: Standard pressure is defined as 760 mmHg (14.7 psia). 0000007162 00000 n 0000024759 00000 n The Pressure Factor Adjustment for a billing month shall be based upon the formula provided below: PF = 2 0 1 GP GP +GP PF … Mass flow controller gas correction factors for common gases are available at 0000001698 00000 n <]>> real-gas state by applying a volumetric correction fac-tor. Revision 2 – May 2016. 0000000016 00000 n If the gas were N2, the gas flow would be, = 100 sccm x (GCFN2 / GCFAr) = 100 sccm x (1.0 / 1.39) = 72 sccm Note: 1. The repeatability remains within +/-0.2% FS. Calculated natural gas volume (in MCF) in a pipeline segment; the line pack. �:bMรqE�� v#�Y,*�n:��-S[�e�P��C�CU#��S.~�5�>`V:q��a%#c�| ��@��,��p � �`&& endstream endobj 7 0 obj <>>> endobj 8 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/Properties<>/MC1<>/MC2<>/MC3<>/MC4<>>>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 603.0 778.5]/Type/Page>> endobj 9 0 obj <> endobj 10 0 obj <> endobj 11 0 obj <> endobj 12 0 obj [/ICCBased 25 0 R] endobj 13 0 obj [/Indexed 12 0 R 251 26 0 R] endobj 14 0 obj <>stream Anyways, I really appreciate all the podcasts you have been putting out. 0000001116 00000 n When using the GCF, the accuracy of the flow reading may vary by +/-5%. And a temperature correction factor: (Actual temperature: 460°F + dry bulb temperature) ÷ (standard temperature: 460°F + 60°F) If somebody tries to apply your formula to a high pressure gas meter they may wonder why its so under fired. The repeatability remains within +/-0.2% FS. 0000085429 00000 n The correction factor is used to take into account changes in the volume of the gas based on temperature and pressure, which can vary slightly for different supplies. This makes sure all customers receive the same quantity of gas, regardless of location. Mol %. 0 5 8 L ) 5 8 L + 8 H % % (The volume indicated by the meter is called the indicated volume ( + 8). Correction Factor ( % % (). 0000005326 00000 n It is when converting this volumetric figure to kWh that the effects of differing temperatures and pressures can be seen. Gas Correction Factors for Thermal-based Mass Flow The following table lists theoretical gas correction factors for various gases with respect to Nitrogen for thermal-based mass flow controllers. 0000041225 00000 n 0000035782 00000 n 0000003792 00000 n 679.90. Real Gas Compressibility Factor -Z Gas Flow Measurement Slide 5SW Lim. 0000008228 00000 n 2. If the Btu factor has 3 or 4 places to the left of the decimal point (for example, 1125.5 or 985.5), then the Btu factor is presented as Btu per Cf. The pressure indicated by a gauge above atmospheric pressure. 0000001384 00000 n 0000040964 00000 n GAS CORRECTION FORMULA Air Equivalent Flow Rate = Customer Gas Flow Rate X Gas Correction Factor Step 1: Convert Customer Gas Flow Rate unit of measure to a standard Condensate Density The condensate density is required when calculating the total liquid density. Step 2: Calculate Gas Correction Factor from given values. These are stated as part of a Gas Contract. 0000008361 00000 n 0000006590 00000 n 0000061321 00000 n Wet Gas Correction Factors Correction for Condensates This page takes a resulting mass flowrate (from an ISO 5167 calculation for example) and applies the necessary correction factors to take account for condensates in the measured flow. H��Kk�0��sl�G��B`�IC�*�!��mj/�!m? 0000029524 00000 n 0000072824 00000 n ��k��*30h0��M�z `Ԑ��T͒��#��n��P��!�U��e��k�O/n8g��5�"��tF�{k�4 bV�;�|��c`�w�>�(P�� v(� +�|�鯴��h�Rl0-H�Oe���g��+:.�m�:�SG��rI�� 0000004619 00000 n 0000030063 00000 n Density (kg/m3 @ 0°C & 1 Atm.) To make the basic orifice factor usable for any gas, the proper correction for the specific gravity of the gas being measured must be applied. Note: 1. In clause 10, values are given for the physical properties of the pure components of natural gas on xref 0000004363 00000 n Cf = Cubic Foot Fp = Pressure Correction Factor Ft = Temperature Correction Factor. The correction factor is user-configurable for each pipeline segment. 0000002353 00000 n 0000021788 00000 n Z = V actual/V ideal Power Requirements For isentropic compression & efficiency: (15) is the mass flow rate; z avg is the average of the inlet & outlet compressibility factors 20 = Pv Z RT m Mol %. Please note that a non-linearity may exist between a Nitrogen calibration and the actual flow of process gases. x�b``Pe``�g```�ˀ 0000032733 00000 n Appendix 3 of the EPA's guidance note AG2 provides detail on the correction of emissions data to reference conditions and should be consulted for further information, and can also refer to Annex 1 of AG3 for some further examples. 6 0 obj <> endobj xref 6 52 0000000016 00000 n Volume correction factors—liquefied petroleum gas or propane . Step 1: Convert Customer Gas Flow Rate unit of measure to a standard unit of measure for air flow (SCFM or SCCM). The NOx emission factors have been multiplied by a correction factor of 1.5, which is the approximate ratio of propane/butane NOx emissions to natural gas NOx emissions. 0000033178 00000 n �t��|��m:|[�-��ui��b�G��)��uܐ1��ç��f��xR�wWဍ�W� P��ߜ�X�q��*1(Ԇ�2}}b�D�X�R,��-��=�V�\uD��qU>O 0000032383 00000 n 0000012808 00000 n Pseudocritical Temperature. Btu factors are either presented as Btu per Cf or Btu per Mcf. 0000002896 00000 n 0000005747 00000 n GAS CORRECTION FORMULA. Volume correction factors to 15 °C for use with all grades of liquefied petroleum gas … Currently, the volumetric measurement of natural gas, normally in cubic metres (m3), is fairly simple; in fact, most common meters in the United Kingdom are still mechanical devices that accomplish this. Supercritical CO 2 Mass (Estimated) The following formula is used to calculate the estimated line pack mass for supercritical CO 2. 86 41 H��VmO�@��_��Xf�}cU�5g��B =/�z��ov�KI�H��e�yf��yf�ϓn��{I[��O`��i9�LX��c�,�v�Ay��X�ڀe�Fˬ�@E��^��4��c�^��?d]�ȭ��o�e��=t ��CG[ 6,��sl0-�Y6)�e5�y�;À[��[+�NC�KGB:nɏ˽aBsDd�$y�9J�GYzG��5U(�7S�C@�D��l4K��,�`,�i�%?�c@��`��-Pp�vw��-�� [$�Fq�I��4-�F*;/�$-��&iD�l��N��i��y��nC��[+X�κ��8=��F��4��]�. Pb = Base Pressure or Pressure Base. Hydrogen Sulfide. 0 Psig – Pound per square inch gauge. 0000029089 00000 n %PDF-1.4 %�� 0000117237 00000 n 0000082691 00000 n �ggg��G߬_�uT�:��C�#L�\ With a given force applied on a gas, a larger quantity of lightweight gas can be pushed through an orifice than a heavier gas. 0000025143 00000 n SCC = Source Classification Code. These pressure correction factors are referenced by the MASS FLOW GAS CORRECTION FACTORS (SORTED BY CHEMICAL FORMULA) Gas Type Chemical Formula Correction Factor vs. Nitrogen Specific Heat (kcal/kg°K @ 25°C & 1 Atm.) The iterative method assumes that the following input variables are available: 0000006150 00000 n 0000007687 00000 n The gas correction factor (GCF) is used to indicate the ratio of flow rates of different gases for a given output voltage from a mass flow controller (MFC). The basis gas is nitrogen (N2) which, by convention, has GCFN2 = 1. To calculate the mass flow of a gas for a MFC that is calibrated for a different gas, take the GCF All conversion factors are prescribed in the Gas (Calculation of Thermal Energy) Regulations (SI 1996/439). + 8 is the ending or closing meter reading ( / 4 Ö) less the beginning or opening meter reading ( / 4 â). Download the PDF document to learn more. 300 3.9873 350 4.4890 400 4.9922 450 5.4961 The Pressure Correction Factors are used to convert the gas volumes as measured by basic meters to the standard volume which is then multiplied by the average heating value for the billing period to obtain the energy. Volume correction factors to 15 °C for use with liquefied petroleum gas or propane at 500 kg/m 3; Temperature °C 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70

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